in the Welsh alphabet W is a vowel so this word should not be counted. He intricately rhymes, to the music of crwth and pibgorn. The crwth (pronounced /ˈkrʊθ/ or /ˈkruːθ/, also spelled cruth in English) is a Welsh musical instrument similar to the violin).
This practice exists in modern Welsh orthography so that words borrowed from Welsh may use ⟨w⟩ this way, such as: However at that time the form ⟨w⟩ was still sometimes used to represent a digraph ⟨uu⟩ (see W), not as a separate letter.
This vocalic ⟨w⟩ generally represented /uː/, as in wss ("use"). In the Middle English period, there were no standard spellings, but ⟨w⟩ was sometimes used to represent either a vowel or a consonant sound in the same way that Modern English does with ⟨y⟩, particularly during the 14th and 15th centuries. Vowelless proper names from other languages, such as the surname Ng, may retain their original spelling, even if they are pronounced with vowels. A more obscure example is rng /ˈrʌŋ/, derived from ring by deleting the letter ⟨i⟩.
Another mathematical term without vowel letters is ln, the natural logarithm. The mathematical expression nth /ˈɛnθ/, as in delighted to the nth degree, is in fairly common usage. The longest such lexical word is tsktsks, pronounced /ˌtɪskˈtɪsks/. There are very few lexical words (that is, not counting interjections) without vowel letters. However, outside of abbreviations, there are a handful of words in English that do not have vowels, either because the vowel sounds are not written with vowel letters or because the words themselves are pronounced without vowel sounds. For the distinction between, / / and ⟨ ⟩, see IPA § Brackets and transcription delimiters.Įnglish orthography typically represents vowel sounds with the five conventional vowel letters ⟨a, e, i, o, u⟩, as well as ⟨y⟩, which may also be a consonant depending on context. For an introductory guide on IPA symbols, see Help:IPA. This article contains phonetic transcriptions in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA).
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